Limb Salvage Program

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VasCare treats Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)

VasCare Treats Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) and Prevents Limb Loss

Limb Salvage begins with early detection, whether through blood testing, the ankle-brachial index, angiogram, or ultrasound. After the diagnosis of PAD, to slow its progression, patients will start on an exercise and lifestyle program. For more advanced stages of the disease, revascularization is used to get blood flowing into the lower extremities. These minimally invasive procedures will help relieve symptoms, prevent amputation, and improve quality of life.

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What is PAD?

Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is a condition in which arteries in the legs or arms become narrowed, hindering blood flow throughout the body and causing a wide variety of medical problems, particularly in the legs and feet.

This narrowing of the arteries is most often caused by atherosclerosis, or the buildup of plaque in the inner lining of the artery. About half of Americans ages 45-84 have atherosclerosis and don’t know it, according to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Untreated PAD poses serious risks, including coronary artery disease, stroke, heart attack, and even limb amputation. That’s why prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial.

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Different Types of PAD

Atherosclerosis

This condition involves the buildup of plaque (fatty deposits) in the arteries, leading to narrowing and hardening of the arteries. Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of peripheral artery disease (PAD) and is associated with increased risk of heart attack, stroke, and other cardiovascular complications.

Critical Limb Ischemia (CLI)

CLI is the most serious form of PAD in which the feet or toes experience severe, constant pain, even during rest. CLI develops after PAD has been present for an extended period and has advanced to the point of being life-threatening, requiring immediate treatment.

Peripheral Artery Aneurysms

A peripheral artery aneurysm occurs when a weakened area of an artery wall balloons or bulges outward. These aneurysms can occur in various peripheral arteries of the arms and legs and may lead to complications such as rupture or thrombosis.

Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD)

Fibromuscular dysplasia is a rare condition characterized by abnormal cell growth in the walls of medium-sized arteries, leading to narrowing, twisting, or beading of the affected arteries. FMD commonly affects the renal arteries but can also occur in other peripheral arteries.

Common Symptoms of PAD

Claudication

Claudication refers to pain, cramping, or fatigue in the muscles of the legs or arms, typically during physical activity. This discomfort occurs due to reduced blood flow to the affected limbs, which cannot meet the increased oxygen demands of the muscles during exercise.

Numbness or Weakness

Patients with PAD may experience numbness, weakness, or a sensation of coldness in the affected limbs. These symptoms can occur at rest or during physical activity, and may indicate insufficient blood flow to the nerves in the extremities.

Changes in Skin Color or Temperature

PAD can cause changes in the color and temperature of the skin on the legs or arms. The skin may appear pale or bluish, especially when elevated, and feel cool to the touch. In severe cases, the affected skin may develop ulcers or sores that are slow to heal.

Poor Wound Healing

Individuals with PAD may experience slow or poor wound healing, particularly in the lower limbs. Minor cuts, scratches, or injuries may take longer than usual to heal, increasing the risk of infection and complications. This symptom is a result of reduced blood flow to the affected area, impairing the body’s ability to repair damaged tissues.

Treatments for PAD?

At VasCare’s Corpus Christi Clinic, our approach to treating Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) emphasizes minimally invasive procedures aimed at restoring blood flow in blocked arteries. For some patients, lifestyle modifications and medications may suffice in managing PAD symptoms. However, when intervention is necessary, we offer several medical procedures tailored to each individual’s needs.

Angioplasty

Angioplasty, also known as balloon angioplasty, is a common minimally invasive treatment used to widen narrowed arteries. During the procedure, a catheter with a small balloon on its tip is guided to the blocked artery under X-ray guidance. The balloon is then inflated, compressing the plaque against the artery walls to improve blood flow. Patients typically undergo angioplasty with local anesthesia and can resume normal activities shortly afterward.

Stenting

Stenting, often performed in conjunction with angioplasty, involves placing a small wire mesh tube, known as a stent, in the artery to help keep it open. Similar to angioplasty, a catheter is used to deliver the stent to the blocked area. Once in place, the stent remains permanently, providing long-term support to the artery. This procedure aims to maintain improved blood flow over time.

Atherectomy

Atherectomy is a non-surgical intervention specifically designed to remove plaque from the artery rather than compressing it. Utilizing various catheter-based devices, the doctor can selectively remove plaque buildup, restoring the artery’s natural diameter and blood flow. Atherectomy offers an alternative approach for patients with specific types of blockages or those who may not benefit from angioplasty or stenting alone.

Understanding the PAD Procedure

During the PAD procedure itself, patients can expect to receive anesthesia or sedation to keep them comfortable and relaxed. The medical team uses specialized equipment, such as X-ray imaging, to guide the insertion of catheters and devices into the affected arteries. Depending on the specific procedure, patients may feel sensations such as pressure or mild discomfort, but they should not experience significant pain.

Upon arrival at the clinic or hospital, patients are typically greeted by friendly staff who guide them through the admission process. Once admitted, patients may undergo additional assessments, such as vital sign checks and blood tests, to ensure they are fit for the procedure.

During the PAD procedure itself, patients can expect to receive anesthesia or sedation to keep them comfortable and relaxed. The medical team uses specialized equipment, such as X-ray imaging, to guide the insertion of catheters and devices into the affected arteries. Depending on the specific procedure, patients may feel sensations such as pressure or mild discomfort, but they should not experience significant pain.

After the procedure, patients are closely monitored in a recovery area to ensure they are stable and free from complications. Most patients can expect to return home on the same day, although some may require overnight observation, depending on the complexity of the procedure and their overall health status. Before discharge, patients receive instructions on post-procedure care and follow-up appointments to monitor their progress and ensure optimal recovery. Overall, patients can expect a well-coordinated and supportive experience throughout the PAD procedure, with the goal of improving their quality of life and reducing symptoms associated with peripheral arterial disease.

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Benefits of the PAD Treatments

Resolve PAD Symptoms

Treating PAD can alleviate symptoms such as leg pain, cramping, and numbness, improving daily comfort and quality of life.

Increase Physical and Emotional Wellbeing

Effective management of PAD can enhance physical activity levels and emotional resilience, leading to a more fulfilling lifestyle.

Restore Mobility

By restoring blood flow to the limbs, PAD treatment can help individuals regain mobility, enabling them to engage in activities they enjoy and maintain independence.

Decrease Risk of Heart Attack and Stroke

Managing PAD reduces the risk of cardiovascular complications such as heart attack and stroke, promoting overall cardiovascular health and longevity.

Prevent Limb Amputation

Prompt treatment of PAD helps prevent severe complications such as limb amputation, preserving limb function and avoiding disability.

Schedule Your Consultation With Our PAD Doctors

Schedule AppointmentCall: 361-204-4736

Dr. Llewellyn Lee – Board-certified Vascular & Interventional Radiologist

Corpus Christi, Texas
In his more than two decades practicing medicine, Dr. Llewellyn Lee has become an authority on vascular and interventional treatments with thousands of successful procedures performed.
Meet Dr. Lee361.882.4000

Dr. Jennifer Mike-Mayer – Board-certified Vascular Surgeon

Corpus Christi, Texas
With expertise in vascular surgery and a commitment to excellence, Dr. Jennifer Mike-Mayer has become a leading authority in vascular surgical procedures, successfully treating thousands of patients.
Meet Dr. Mike-Mayer361.882.4000
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What to expect from the PAD treatments

Before the Treatment

Patients will undergo a comprehensive evaluation, including diagnostic imaging and a thorough medical history review. This initial assessment helps our specialists develop a personalized treatment plan tailored to the patient’s specific needs.

During the Treatment

Our experienced team performs minimally invasive procedures, such as angioplasty and stenting, to restore proper blood flow. These treatments are designed to alleviate symptoms, improve mobility, and enhance overall vascular health.

After the Treatment

Following the procedure, patients receive detailed instructions for post-treatment care and lifestyle modifications. Regular follow-up appointments ensure the treatment’s success and help prevent future complications.

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PAD FAQs

What are the common symptoms of Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)?
Common symptoms of PAD include leg pain or cramping (claudication), numbness or weakness in the legs, changes in skin color or temperature, and slow-healing wounds or ulcers on the feet or legs.
What causes Peripheral Arterial Disease?
PAD is primarily caused by atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by the buildup of plaque (fatty deposits) in the arteries, leading to narrowing and hardening of the arteries. Other risk factors include smoking, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and a sedentary lifestyle.
How is Peripheral Arterial Disease diagnosed?
Diagnosis of PAD typically involves a combination of medical history evaluation, physical examination, and diagnostic tests such as ankle-brachial index (ABI) measurement, Doppler ultrasound, angiography, or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) to assess blood flow in the arteries.
Can Peripheral Arterial Disease be cured?
While PAD cannot be cured, it can be effectively managed and symptoms can be improved with lifestyle modifications, medications, and medical interventions such as angioplasty, stenting, or atherectomy to improve blood flow in the affected arteries.
What lifestyle changes can help manage Peripheral Arterial Disease?
Lifestyle changes that can help manage PAD include smoking cessation, adopting a healthy diet low in saturated fats and cholesterol, regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and controlling blood pressure and blood sugar levels if diabetic.
What medications are commonly used to treat Peripheral Arterial Disease?
Medications commonly used to treat PAD include antiplatelet agents (e.g., aspirin, clopidogrel), cholesterol-lowering drugs (statins), blood pressure medications, and medications to improve circulation (e.g., cilostazol).
Are there any risks associated with PAD treatments?
While minimally invasive procedures such as angioplasty, stenting, and atherectomy are generally safe, there are some risks involved, including bleeding, infection, allergic reactions to contrast dye, blood clots, or damage to the artery.
How often should I follow up with my healthcare provider after being diagnosed with Peripheral Arterial Disease?
Patients diagnosed with PAD should follow up regularly with their healthcare provider to monitor symptoms, assess treatment effectiveness, and adjust medications or interventions as needed. The frequency of follow-up visits may vary depending on the severity of the condition and the patient’s response to treatment.
Can Peripheral Arterial Disease lead to other health problems?
Yes, PAD is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications such as heart attack and stroke. It can also lead to complications such as chronic leg pain, non-healing wounds, tissue damage, and, in severe cases, limb amputation.
What can I do to prevent Peripheral Arterial Disease?
To prevent PAD, it’s important to maintain a healthy lifestyle by avoiding smoking, eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, managing weight, controlling blood pressure and cholesterol levels, and managing underlying conditions such as diabetes. Regular check-ups with a healthcare provider can also help detect and manage PAD risk factors early.